标题: 拯救ARM，英国在行动！ [打印本页] 作者: 镀心诣 时间: 2020-9-19 17:49 标题: 拯救ARM，英国在行动！ 9月15日，在美国的淫威下，台积电、中芯国际、联发科、紫光展锐、三星电子、SK海力士等92家芯片供应商如期断供华为。
中芯国际等几家还在向美国提出申请，以求许可，但结果尚未可知。特朗普政府既然已经下此毒手，没有足够的好处和利益，岂能罢刀休兵？
如果有什么事比断供华为更中国人揪心的，那就肯定是英伟达要收购ARM的事情。
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断供华为，是火烧眉毛，英伟达收购Arm则可能是釜底抽薪，后患无穷。
这件事，媒体上已经讨论太多，我也不再絮叨。这里仅把ARM创始人Hermann Hauser博士写给英国首相鲍里斯的一封公开信张贴出来，并做翻译。
原文刊发在Hermann Hauser博士发起的拯救Arm行动的专门网站上，网址：http://savearm.co.uk/
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这封联合签名信，是Arm公司联合创始人Hermann Hauser博士写给英国首相的。主题为《拯救Arm》
Dear Prime Minister,
尊敬的首相
As one of the founders of Arm I am extremely concerned about the proposed sale of Arm to Nvidia. This concern is shared by many of my colleagues in Cambridge, the UK financial and electronics industry who are all co-signing this letter.
作为Arm公司的一名创始人，我特别为Arm出售给英伟达感到担忧。所有联合签名的人，有剑桥大学、财务、电子行业的同仁们，都一样深表担忧。
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Firstly, we are concerned about the impact on jobs in Cambridge, Manchester, Belfast, Glasgow, Sheffield and Warwick where thousands of Arm employees work. When the headquarters move to the US this will inevitably lead to the loss of jobs and influence in the UK as we have seen with the Cadbury takeover by Kraft.
首先，我们担心在Cambridge, Manchester, Belfast, Glasgow, Sheffield 和 Warwick（Arm公司在英国的几个办公地点）的工作岗位将会受到冲击。在这些地方，有Arm公司的数千名雇员工作。当Arm的总部移到美国，必然会造成工作岗位的流失。在卡夫食品（美国食品巨头）收购吉百利（英国食品巨头，全球第一大糖果公司，第二大口香糖公司，第三大软饮料公司，也是唯一一家同时拥有巧克力、糖果及口香糖产品的公司。），英国已经尝到苦头。
Secondly, the sale of Arm to Nvidia will destroy the very basis of Arm’s business model which is to be the Switzerland of the semiconductor industry dealing in an even-handed way with its over 500 licensees. Most of them are Nvidia’s competitors. Among them are many UK companies. Assurances to the contrary should be legally binding.
第二，将Arm出售给英伟达，会破坏其本身商业模式的根基。Arm是半导体行业中的瑞士，采用中立而不偏不倚的方式售出了500多个授权。这些授权公司，大多是英伟达的竞争对手。其中，也有许多英国公司。对这些客户的承诺应该受到法律的保护。
Thirdly, and most importantly for the long term, it is an issue of national economic sovereignty:
第三，从最长远的角度看，最重要的是这涉及到国家的经济主权问题。
Arm is the only remaining UK technology company, with a dominant position in mobile phone microprocessors. It has a market share of over 95%. The UK has suffered from American technology dominance by companies like Google, Facebook, Amazon, Netflix, Apple and others. As the American president has weaponised technology dominance in his trade war with China, the UK will become collateral damage unless it has its own trade weapons to bargain with. Arm powers the smartphones of Apple, Samsung, Sony, Huawei and practically every other brand in the world and therefore can exert influence on all of them.
Arm公司在手机微处理器领域具有统治地位，这也是英国科技公司的一根独苗。它的市场份额超过95%。英国是受制于美国科技公司的，比如谷歌、脸书、亚马逊、奈飞、苹果等等。正如美国在与中国的贸易战中，一旦美国总统将技术统治地位当成武器，英国就会成为牺牲品。只有手握武器，才能讨价还价。苹果、三星、索尼、华为以及世界的其它品牌的智能手机，都要依靠Arm。通过Arm，我们可以对它们施加影响。
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A sale to Nvidia will mean that Arm becomes subject to the US OFAC regulations. There are hundreds of companies in the UK electronics industry employing tens of thousands of people who use ARMs in their products. Many of them export to major global markets including China. They will all have to comply with the US OFAC regulations.
出售给英伟达，就意味着Arm将受美国财政部海外资产控制办公室（The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US Department of the Treasury）的规定管制。英国电子工业中，有数百家公司，数万名员工在他们的产品中使用Arm的技术。大多数产品都出口到全球的各大经济体，包括中国。这些都将受到美国财政部海外资产控制办公室的管制。
This puts Britain in the invidious position that the decision about who Arm is allowed to sell to will be made in the White House and not in Downing Street.
这将使英国陷入尴尬和被动的境地。英伟达收购Arm后，对于Arm的产品能卖给谁，决定权将在白宫手中，而非唐宁街。
Sovereignty used to be mainly a geographic issue, but now economic sovereignty is equally important. Surrendering UK’s most powerful trade weapon to the US is making Britain a US vassal state. 过去，主权主要是地理概念，现在经济主权一样重要。将这一英国最有力的贸易武器，拱手相让，将会让英国成为美国的附庸。
There are three conditions that are imperative for this deal to be allowed to go through.
下面，有三个条件，对这笔交易十分重要，请务必考虑。
They all have to be legally binding or they are useless:
所有这些必须具有法律约束，否则就是无效：
Legally binding job guarantees for Arm employees in the UK所有Arm在英国的员工工作要有法律约束，得以保证。
Legally binding agreement that Nvidia must not gain any preferential treatment over other Arm licensees.具有法律约束的协议确保英伟达不能比其它Arm授权客户具有优先权。
Britain must get an exemption from the US OFAC regulation so that UK companies are guaranteed unfettered access to our own microprocessor technology.英国必须得到美国财政部海外资产控制办公室的特批，以确保英国公司获得Arm芯片技术不受任何影响。
The natural alternative to an Arm sale to Nvidia is to take Arm public on the London Stock Exchange and make it a British owned company again with a Golden Share for national economic security. As you have spent 500m to help OneWeb out of Chapter 11, which arguably is not as important to Britain as Arm, you could spend 1-2bn as the anchor investor for an IPO on the London Stock Exchange and get a Golden Share for it so that this problem cannot happen again. An IPO was always the declared route to liquidity for Softbank.
将Arm出售给英伟达一个必须选择是在伦敦证券交易所重新上市，从而使之再次成为英国人自己的公司，成为保障国家经济安全的金股。您已经动用5亿英镑，帮助 OneWeb（英国卫星电信网络的初创公司）进行破产重整。但，它毕竟不像Arm那么重要。现在，如果Arm重新在伦敦证券交易所IPO，您可以花12亿英镑作为主要投资者，获得金股。这样，以后就高枕无忧了。对于软银，IPO也一直是其获得流动资金的途径。
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If you do not make Arm a British owned company again with a Golden Share for national economic security, history will remember you as the person who, when the chips are down, failed to act in the national interest.
如果您不能将Arm变成一家英国公司，不能为国家经济安全手握金股，那么历史将记住您。一旦没有筹码，何以捍卫国家利益？
Yours sincerely
Dr Hermann Hauser FRS, KBE
整个公开信，是从英国国家利益考虑的。客观来看，提的条件并不苛刻，英伟达答应应无障碍。